The Ultimate Guide To How Can Control Termite

Termites are eusocial insects that are classified at the taxonomic rank of infraorder Isoptera, or as epifamily Termitoidae within the cockroach order Blattodea. Termites were once classified in another order from cockroaches, but recent phylogenetic studies indicate that they evolved from close ancestors of cockroaches during the Jurassic or Triassic.

Approximately 3,106 species are currently clarified, with a couple hundred more left to be clarified. Although these insects are often called"white ants", they're not ants. .

Like ants and some bees and wasps in the separate order Hymenoptera, termites split labour among castes consisting of sterile male and female"workers" and"soldiers". All colonies have fertile men called"kings" and one or more fertile females called"queens". Termites mostly feed on dead plant material and cellulose, generally in the kind of wood, leaf litter, soil, or animal dung.

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Termites are among the most prosperous groups of insects on Earth, colonising many landmasses except Antarctica. Their colonies range in size from a few hundred individuals to enormous societies with several million individuals. Termite queens have the longest lifespan of any insect in the world, with a few queens reportedly living up to 30 to 50 years.

Colonies are called superorganisms since the termites form part of a self-regulating entity: the colony itself. .

Termites are a delicacy in the diet of several human cultures and are employed in many traditional medicines. A couple hundred species are economically significant as insects which can cause serious damage to buildings, plants, or plantation forests. Some species, such as the West Indian drywood termite (Cryptotermes brevis), are regarded as invasive species. .

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The infraorder name Isoptera comes from the Greek words iso (equal) and ptera (winged), which describes the nearly equal size of the fore and hind wings.2"Termite" derives from the Latin and Late Latin term termes ("woodworm, white ant"), modified by the influence of Latin terere ("to rub, wear, erode") by the prior word tarmes.

The external appearance of the giant northern termite Mastotermes darwiniensis is suggestive of their close relationship between termites and cockroaches.

Termites were previously put in the order Isoptera. As early as 1934 suggestions were made they were closely linked to wood-eating cockroaches (genus Cryptocercus, the woodroach) dependent on the similarity of the symbiotic gut flagellates.6 In the 1960s additional evidence supporting that hypothesis emerged when F. A. McKittrick noted similar morphological characteristics between a number of termites and Cryptocercus nymphs.7 In 2008 DNA analysis from 16S rRNA sequences8 supported the position of termites being nested within the evolutionary tree containing the order Blattodea, which included the cockroaches.910 The cockroach genus Cryptocercus stocks the strongest phylogenetical similarity with termites and is considered to be a sister-group to termites.1112 Termites have a peek at this site and Cryptocercus share similar morphological and societal features: for instance, most cockroaches do not exhibit societal characteristics, but Cryptocercus takes care of its own young and exhibits other societal behavior such as trophallaxis and allogrooming.13 Termites are thought to be the descendants of the genus Cryptocercus.914 Some researchers have suggested that a more conservative step of retaining the termites as the Termitoidae, an epifamily within the cockroach sequence, which averts the classification of termites at family level and below.15 Termites have long been accepted to be closely associated with cockroaches and mantids, and they are categorized in precisely the exact same superorder (Dictyoptera).1617.

The oldest unambiguous termite fossils date to the early Cretaceous, but given the diversity of Cretaceous termites and ancient fossil records showing mutualism between microorganisms and such insects, they probably originated earlier in the Jurassic or Triassic.181920 Further evidence of a Jurassic origin would be that the assumption that the extinct Fruitafossor consumed termites, judging from the morphological resemblance to modern termite-eating mammals.21 The earliest termite nest detected is believed to be by the Upper Cretaceous in West Texas, in which the earliest known faecal pellets were also discovered.22 Claims that footprints arose earlier have faced controversy.

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Weesner indicated that the Mastotermitidae termites may go back to the Late Permian, 251 million years ago,23 and fossil wings that have a close resemblance to the wings of Mastotermes of their Mastotermitidae, the most primitive living , have been found in the Permian layers in Kansas.24 It is even possible that the first termites emerged during the Carboniferous.25 The folded wings of this fossil wood roach Pycnoblattina, arranged in a convex pattern between segments 1a and 2a, resemble those seen in Mastotermes, the only living insect with the same pattern.24 Krishna et al., though, consider that all of the Paleozoic and Triassic insects tentatively classified as termites are in fact unrelated to termites and should be excluded from the Isoptera.26 The crude giant northern termite (Mastotermes darwiniensis) exhibits numerous cockroach-like attributes which are not shared with other termites, such as laying its eggs in rafts and having anal lobes on the wings.27 Cryptocercidae and Isoptera are united in the clade Xylophagidae.28 Termites are sometimes called"white ants" but the only resemblance to the ants is because of their sociality which is due to convergent evolution2930 with termites being the very first social insects to evolve a caste system more than 100 million years back.31 Termite genomes are generally relatively large compared to that of other insects; the first completely sequenced termite genome, of Zootermopsis nevadensis, that was printed in the journal Nature Communications, consists of approximately 500Mb,32 while 2 subsequently published genomes, Macrotermes natalensis and Cryptotermes secundus, are considerably larger at around 1.3Gb.3330.